Distribution of electric charge
The electric charge distribution can be determined from the electric field produced by the system of particles. The electric field is a vector field which, at any given point in space, indicates the direction and magnitude of the force that would be experienced by a charged particle placed at that point. The electric field is directly related to the electric charge distribution, since the electric field is produced by the presence of electric charge.
Distribution of charge in conductor
When a conductor is charged with electricity, the electric charge is distributed uniformly throughout the conductor. This is due to the nature of electric fields, which spread outwards in all directions away from the source of the charge. The electric field lines inside the conductor all point away from the source of the charge, and this causes the charge to spread out evenly throughout the conductor.