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Land pollution, ocean pollution also adversely affects organisms including human beings? what can be do to avoid this Reduce the amount of plastic and other pollutants going into the ocean. This can be done by reducing the use of single-use plastic products, properly disposing of waste, and reducing the amount of fertilizer and other chemicals …

Avoid Land pollution, ocean pollution – ഭൂമി മലിനീകരണവും, സമുദ്ര മലിനീകരണവും ഒഴിവാക്കാൻ Read More »

Oil spills from ships Agricultural runoff and sewage dumping Marine debris, including plastic, Styrofoam and other litter Chemical contamination from industrial waste Climate change and ocean acidification Overfishing and habitat destruction Offshore drilling and coastal development Radioactive waste disposal Ocean dumping of hazardous waste Aquaculture and fish farming

Algae and phytoplankton are microscopic aquatic plants that are the basis of the food web in the aquatic environment. Algae are generally larger than phytoplankton and often form visible blooms on the water’s surface. Algae are found in both fresh and saltwater environments and can range from simple single-celled organisms to complex multicellular forms. Phytoplankton …

Algae and phytoplanktons – ആൽഗകളും സസ്യപ്ലവകങ്ങളും Read More »

Animals obtain various types of nutrients from plants in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. Carbohydrates are obtained from various sources such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. Proteins are obtained from plant sources such as legumes, nuts, and seeds. Lipids are obtained from plant oils, nuts, and seeds. Vitamins and …

Various types of nutrients required for animals are obtained from plant – മൃഗങ്ങൾക്ക് ആവശ്യമായ വിവിധതരം പോഷകങ്ങൾ സസ്യങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് Read More »

Chemosynthesis is a process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce organic compounds (usually sugars or other types of organic molecules), such as carbohydrates, from inorganic molecules, such as carbon dioxide or methane. This process does not involve the use of sunlight as an energy source, unlike photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is a chemical process that occurs in plants and other organisms, in which light energy is converted into chemical energy. This chemical energy is stored in the form of sugar molecules, such as glucose. Photosynthesis occurs when water and carbon dioxide are combined in the presence of light and the enzyme, chlorophyll. The light …

The chemistry of photosynthesis – പ്രകാശസംശ്ലേഷണത്തിന്‍റെ രസതന്ത്രം Read More »

Pigments are molecules that absorb certain wavelengths of light and reflect others. In photosynthesis, pigments absorb light energy to convert it into chemical energy. Chlorophyll, the green pigment found in plants, is the primary photosynthetic pigment. It is responsible for absorbing the light energy needed to drive the photosynthetic reaction. Other pigments, including carotenoids and …

Role of pigment in photosynthesis – പ്രകാശസംശ്ലേഷണത്തിൽ വർണകങ്ങളുടെ പങ്ക് Read More »

Thylakoid membrane Stroma Cristae Inner membrane Outer membrane Chlorophyll Enzymes Pigments Chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) Peripheral proteins

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and other eukaryotic organisms that conduct photosynthesis, the process of converting light energy into chemical energy. They contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs the light energy needed for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane and have an internal system of membranes, known as the thylakoid …

Chloroplast – ഹരിതകണം Read More »

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis provides the energy in the form of sugar that plants use to grow, and releases oxygen as a by-product.