Catenation is the ability of an element to form chains of molecules, typically through covalent bonding. Carbon is one of the few elements that can form these chains due to its ability to form four covalent bonds. Carbon catenation is the formation of chains of carbon atoms through covalent bonding. Carbon catenation is important because it forms the backbone of organic molecules, which are essential for life. Carbon catenation is also important in the production of plastics and other synthetic materials.