The natural vector of Nipah virus is the fruit bat (Pteropus spp). These bats are believed to be the primary reservoir of Nipah virus and are capable of carrying and transmitting the virus in their saliva. Other animals, such as pigs, cats, and dogs, may also be infected with the virus and can act as secondary hosts. However, transmission from these animals to humans is much less frequent than direct transmission from bats to humans.
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